Class 11 physical education chapter 4 Physical education and sports for CWSN Notes

 chapter - 4  
Physical education and sports for CWSN

Main Point :-

4.1 Aims and objectives of adaptive physical education

4.2 Organizations promoting adaptive sports (Special Olympic Bharat, Paralympics, Deaflympics)

4.3 Concept of Inclusion, its need and implementation

4.4 Role of various professionals for children with special needs (School counsellor, occupational therapist, physiotherapist, speech therapist, specials education, and physical education teacher.

4.1 AIMS AND OBJECTIVE OF ADAPTIVE PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Concept:- Adaptive physical education is a sub discipline of physical education, which is adapted or modified for the children, who are differently abled, handicapped, mentally challenged, hear impairment, speech unpairment, blindness, orthopedic unpairment, and autism etc. The programme of adaptive physical education involves specially designed programme of physical fitness, motor fitness, fundamental moter skill, aquatic skills dance skills, individual and group games. To meet the unique need of children with disabilities.

Adaptive physical education is a multikind of service for the children who are not able to do the activity like a normal children, such children may be provided modified sports and games, which can play an important role in their lives i.e, recreation, fitness, development, ethical and moral values etc.

Meaning:- A diversified programme of developmental activities, games and sports, suited to interests, capacities and limitations of the students with their disabilities are called adaptive physical education.

Aims:- To provide all students with special needs, regardless of their desirability,

the opportunity to participate in physical education, safely and successfully, in the least restrictive environment.

Objectives:-

(i) To provide physical education services.

(ii) To develop self esteem.

(iii) To develop motor skill.

(iv) To develop knowledge of body mechanics

(v) To increase active participation in sports

(vi) To develop physical fitness

(vii) To develop socialization skill

(viii) To promote sportsmanship.

4.2 ORGANIZATIONS PROMOTING ADAPTIVE SPORTS

(Special Olympics Bharat, Paralympics, Deaflympics)

1. Special Olympics:- Special Olympic international was started by Eunice kennedy shriver. Special Olymplc Bharat is recognized by the government of India as a National sports Federation for the development of sports opportunity for the people with intellectual disabilities. First, it was founded in 1987 as special Olympic India and changed to special Olympics Bharat in 2001. At national level, they are trained to participate 24 single and other team games by the sports authority of India (SAI). This organization was established in 2001 as per the act of 1882.

Aims and Objectives:-

(i) Holistic development and training.

(ii) Creating role models for motivation.

(iii) Training teachers.

(iv) Ensuring involvement of whole community

(v) To reflect the Olympic movement values, standards, ceremonies and events.

OATH:- “Let me win. But if can not win, let me brave in the attempt.”

Mission:-

(i) To provide year round sports training and athletic competitions.

(ii) Social acceptance of people with intellectual disabilities.

(iii) Encourage athlete to compete in regular sports activites.

2. Paralympics:- Paralympics games are a major sports international multi- sports events for the athletes with a range of physical disabities involving impairment muscles power, impaired passive range of movement, limb deficiency, leg length difference blindness and cerebral palsy etc. The first Paralympic games were held in Rome (Itly). The headquarter of International Paralympics games is situated in ‘Bonne’ (Germany). The founder Dr. Ludwig Guttmann.

Paralymics Committee of India (PCI):

Paralympics committee of India is a non-partisan, non-profitable organization, dedicated for the development of physically challenged sportspersons. Paralympics committee of India was established in 1992 by the M. Mahadeva and others.

Aims and objectives:-

(i) To develop sports opportunities.

(ii) To develop opportunities at all levels and in all structures.

(iii) To promote the self governance of each paralympic sports federation.

(iv) To ensure the spirit of fair play.

3. Deaflympics :- The Deaflympics are an international Olympic committee sanctioned event at which deals athletes compete at an elite level. The deaflympics are held once in four years. The first, Paralympics games were held in 1924 paris (France).

The all India sports council of the deaf, New Delhi, which is national apex body for deaf sports. The athlete who have quality the games must have a hearing loss of at least 55 db in their better ear are allowed to participate in Deaflympics, hearing aid, cochlear implants etc, are not allowed to be used in the competition.

The Deaflympics, can not be guided by the sounds i.e the starter’s gun, bull horn commands or refree whistles etc. Deaflympics guided by so alternative methods can be used to addresses the athletes the football refries wave a flag instead of blowing a whistle, on the track races are started by using a light instead of using starting gun.

  

4.3 CONCEPT OF INCLUSION, ITS NEED & IMPLEMENTATION

Concept of Inclusion:- The term inclusion is used in the field of education so that it is called as inclusive education. It is new approach towards educating the children with disability and learning difficulties with of normal ones with in.

Concept and need of inclusive Physical Education

Inclusive Physical Education using physical activities and games to teach other subjects. This is a new concept in the field of Physical Education. Research and studies have shown that integrating two or more subject at areas can stimulate the interest of students and hence promote the learning of each subjects. Teachers are increasing conducting activities both inside and outside the classroom to teach various concepts of Science, Social science and Mathematics etc.

Inclusive physical education is a comprehension concept. It is not only limited to physical activities, games and sports but has become a complete discipline within the past two decades the knowledge in this field has increased tremendously. Due to research works, various subdisplines such as sports sociology, sports Biomechanics, Sports medicine, sports pedagogy, Exercise Physiology, Sports Psychology, Sports Philosophy and sports management, etc. Inclusive physical education lays emphasis on multidisciplinary learning in the integration of its subdisciplines.

Inclusive physical education provides opportunities for students to see new

relationships, to transfer what they have learnt from are setting to the next and

to reinforce learning in various ways.

This knowledge of integrated or Inclusive physicals education would be able to

help in the fitness, health and wellness of all individuals. High quality physical

education programmes can be prepared with the help of integrated or Inclusive

physical education.

CONCEPT OF INCLUSION

In the same roof. The principle of inclusive education is, “Access and Quality”.

Need and importance of inclusive education:-

(i) To provide equal opportunities.

(ii) To promote uniqueness of each students.

(iii)To promote better academic achievement

(iv)To promote awareness and sensitivity.

(v) To develop social skills.

(vi)To develop batter sense of belongingness.

Implementation of inclusion:-

(i) To improve school environment

(ii) To change in admission policy

(iii)To use of modern technology in school education

(iv)To appoint the special education teacher.

(v) To provide basic educational, facilities

4.4 ROLE OF VARIOUS PROFESSIONAL FOR CWSN

(School counsellor, Occupational therapist, Physiotherapist, Speech therapist, Special educator, Physical education teacher)

1. School counsellor:- The school counsellor are the specialists who work with special needs students in elementary school, middle schools, and high schools, to ensure they have the support services they need in order to achieve their highest potential in the are as of academics, personal, social growth and career development.

2. Occupational therapist:- An occupational therapist help children with special needs in performing activities related to fine motor skills, like eating, dressing, bathing and grooming etc. He also helps children in participating and interacting with others in play. He help children in adopting to regular school.

3. Physiotherapist:- A physiotherapist is trained to provide assessment and treatment in overcoming movement and physical challenges such as problems of balance, co-ordination, sitting, standing and walking. They look at ways to encouraging child’s in dependence and mobility. A physiotherapist may also assist in making recommendations for specialized equipment. He also promote functional activities and designed specific exercise plan as per the need of children.

4. Speech therapist:- A speech therapist is a trained medical professional who can help children with a number of oral disorders such as trouble swallowing, motor skill, speech issues, cognitive-linguistic conditions and language.

5. Special educator:- A special education teacher is someone who work with children and youths who have severe cognitive, emotional physical disabilities. They also create and apply curriculum and activities to meet the requirement of the students with special needs.

6. Physical education teacher:- The physical education teacher provide such physical activities for the students with special needs which may help in reducing anxiety, stress, tension and depression. The physical education programme plays a very pregressive role in improving cognitive functions and academic performance. Social skills and collaborative team work can also be enhanced through the defferent programmes of physical education.

The physical education teacher helps in executing these programmes.